![]() The name Hohokam means “those who have gone” in the Pima language. ![]() These are often decorated with red geometric designs, usually banded or allover patterns of repeated small motifs. Hohokam pottery tends to be constructed of buff or light brown clay, and are constructed using the paddle-and-anvil technique. The people of two modern tribes-the Pima and the Tohono O’odham-are probably their descendants. 1000-1200 CE, and came from what is present-day Arizona in the United States. No one knows why they left or where they went. By about 1100 the neighboring Ancestral Pueblo had taught the Hohokam how to build homes from bricks made of adobe (sun-baked clay).ĭuring the early 1400s the Hohokam abandoned their villages. They made these houses by digging a shallow pit and covering it with a dome of wood and mud. The largest Hohokam settlement was located near what is now Phoenix, Arizona. They built wide canals from the Gila and Salt rivers to their fields so they would have enough water for farming. The soil where they lived was dry and sandy. Evidence shows that the introduction of ceramics across the Southwest occurred sometime in the first few centuries A.D. T E R NM IN O LOGY Before turning to my chemical results, I will define some terms. One option is to place the inception of 'Hohokam' at the earliest point in the ceramic horizon when clear cultural differentiation appears. 1988:61), indicating a close technological connection between Hohokam. They also grew cotton, which they wove into cloth. The Hohokam Pima National Monument is an ancient Hohokam village within the Gila River Indian Community, near present-day Sacaton, Arizona. 'Hohokam' prior to the appearance of ballcourts is more difficult. The word Hohokam is a Piman language term for all used up or exhausted, and the name given by archeologists to the ancient farming peoples of the southern deserts of Arizona. They grew corn, beans, pumpkins, and squash. The Hohokam got most of their food from farming. The Hohokam people lived in what is now Arizona from about 300 bce to about 1400 ce. So, too, does the degree of historical continuity between contemporary indigenous peoples and precontact archaeological cultures (e.g., Hohokam) in what is now Arizona and northern Mexico.The Hohokam culture was one of the first great Native American civilizations in what is now the United States. Various agents (e.g., floods, disease, warfare) of this event are poorly understood and require additional study. The enigmatic "collapse" of Hohokam society took place shortly before European colonialists entered the North American Southwest in the mid-sixteenth century. ![]() 1450, or later) is a remarkable example of an arid land adaptation in the New World. hokam \ h-h-km \ plural Hohokam Definition of Hohokam : a member of a prehistoric desert culture of the southwestern U.S. The development and elaboration of Hohokam society from their ceramic-producing predecessors during more than two millennia (ca. Hallmarks of the Hohokam tradition included red-on-buff pottery, large-scale canal irrigation agriculture, and monumental buildings, including ball courts, platform mounds, towers, and Great Houses. With this study, Woodson returns focus to Snaketown, where Emil Haury originally defined the Hohokam cultural tradition and which has revealed yet more. Catastrophe or something more complicated Was it a Catastrophe Archaeologists used to believe that Hohokam population decline happened quickly and was caused by some type of catastrophe, such as flooding, disease, or warfare. The Hohokam reached an apex of sociopolitical development between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries in the Sonoran Desert of North America.
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